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Jupiter

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Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system and is the fifth planet from the Sun. Jupiter was named after the King of the Roman Gods by ancient astronomers. It is a giant ball of gas and liquid with a surface composed of dense orange, brown, and white clouds. It is the heaviest of all the planets.

Jupiter is the largest planet in the Solar System, measuring 88,846 miles at its equator. It takes about 11.9 Earth years to orbit the Sun once. Despite its distance from the Sun, Jupiter is not a frozen planet. Pressurized hydrogen at its heart breaks down to create huge amounts of heat.

Several space probes have been sent to Jupiter. In 1979 the Voyager probes discovered that Jupiter has faint rings, which cannot be seen from the Earth. In 1995, the Galileo space probe took a new series of photos, and also sent a mini-probe down into Jupiter's atmosphere. It discovered that Jupiter's winds blew harder than any on Earth, and gathered more information on the planet's rings and moons.

Astronomers have discovered at least 61 moons around Jupiter. The four largest are called the Galilean Moons, after the Italian scientist Galileo, who discovered them in 1610. Jupiter's other moons are much smaller. Some may be just asteroids, captured by the planet's gravity.

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